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NOTES:

1. Some trace level of one or more heavy metals exists in many public drinking water supplies.
2. How the drinking water limits were established is not published. Actual laboratory testing or knowledge obtained by reviewing public health records of populations on a contaminated source?
3. There appears to be no published information on health issues that arise when two or more of the listed metals exist in the same supply.
4. Reduction to below detection levels of trace heavy metal levels within a home:
   • Aquafer
   • Whole House Reverse Osmosis
   • Under Counter Reverse Osmosis Drinking Water Unit

THE STORY: Homoeopathy is a time honored practice of using extremely dilute solutions of agitating compounds to stimulate the immune system to fight the agitant within the body. Not unlike the vaccination process. It relies on the natural vibrations of the material and the memory abilities of water. Unlike the use of many prescription and OTC drugs, there are few, if any, recorded side effects from homeopathic compounds. Compounders and practitioners are highly trained and distribute the materials into a solvent via a process called pounding.

We received a water sample from a very successful doctor of homeopathy who has an exemplary record of success. The sample was analyzed and we immediately thought it would be a service to compounders, practitioners and patients of homeopathic compounds if we could develop a product to meet their needs. This we have done.

THE PRODUCT: Not only must the produced water be compatible for homeopathic use, but also safe, clear in appearance, perfect for hydration and pleasing to the pallet. All of this is accomplished through filtration down to 0.0002 mi- cron, 95% reduction of elements dissolved in the water, all chlorine and chloramines removed along with pharmaceuticals and radio nuclei.

Standard units are capable of producing 100 gallons per day at 70% plus water efficiency and have 2.6 gallons in pressurize storage available for immediate delivery from a 11” Dia. x 14”’ long tank supplied. Also provided are a dispensing faucet, drain saddle and an inlet water angle stop. Systems include a water quality meter to advise of component replacement.

HOW TO ORDER AND USE: Each system is custom constructed based on the chemistry of the water that will feed the unit during daily use and wet tested prior to shipment. For this reason, we need a water analysis, a water sample or the name of the water district supplying the facility. With this information in-hand, we utilize a computer program and make two calculations prior to construction.

Once installed and producing water, the instructions will advise you of the weight in milligrams and volume in laboratory spoons in milliliters of a common kitchen food item to add per gallon for a finished product. The system has a non–electric pump to insure a consistent high quality water with no distortion during storage due to what is called TDS creep. This pump uses drain water to drive it and makes a clicking noise while treated water is being produced.

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It Isn’t Good to Fool With Mother Nature – Contaminated Water
(AKA Reason #23 For Not Drinking Bottled Water)

In the first week of February 2024, a Las Vegas, NV Jury awarded $130,000,000 to the family of a woman who had died from drinking REAL WATER brand bottled water. The cause of death was liver failure due to non-viral hepatitis caused by consumption of water contaminated with hydrazine. In total, $228,500,000 was awarded to all who were affected.

This story goes back to 2020/2021 during which time a total of seven people ages 7 months to 69 years were hospitalized in the Las Vegas area with the particular form of hepatitis. The cause was determined by the FDA to be hydrazine and the source traced to contaminated, beautifully packaged Real Water Alkaline bottled water. Once identified, production ceased and all distributed product recalled.

Hydrazine is a very simple man-made inorganic compound with the formula N₂H₄ that is often used as a propellent in small rockets and munitions as well as a precursor to the production of other chemicals and pharmaceuticals.  It is harmful to exposed skin and is also carcinogenic. Fortunately, it is not found in nature. Its only association with use in water is confined to acting as an oxygen scavenger to reduce corrosion in boilers. The EPA doesn’t require testing for it in drinking water and a quick look at standard testing of bottled water by laboratories doesn’t list hydrazine as a test-for analyte.

How did hydrazine get into one water bottler’s product? The answer did not appear in the summary of the trial, but some interesting possibilities were published this week in the online Chem Jobber. It was established that Real Water started out with Las Vegas municipal water (void of hydrazine) which then was carbon filtered, treated with reverse osmosis, UV exposed, ozonated, potassium chloride added, electrolysis processed, potassium hydroxide, potassium bicarbonate, and magnesium chloride added, and finally into bottles. The FDA inspector as well as one responding chemist felt that the electrolysis step inadvertently created the hydrazine with its hydrogen from electrolysis and nitrogen from the air combining. Electrochemistry can be very unpredictable as this tragic case highlights. It is a discipline practiced by few and totally understood by fewer. Our take on the source includes the electrolysis but then its reaction to chloramines disinfection in LV water that were not removed by filtration.

Trying to “improve” water beyond removing contaminants proved to be counterproductive and, in one case, deadly.  We have seen the mentioned electrolysis process come and go many times over the years with names such as Redox water, ionizers, etc. At one time, marketing companies offering electrolysis equipment and its processed water were concentrated in the Salt Lake City, UT area.

We continue to advise people to avoid bottled water and employ a properly designed, installed, and maintained in-home reverse osmosis system.

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As a company, we have always stayed away from utilizing scare tactics about water in our literature as well as in conversations with our distributors or their customers. Our preference has been to understand all water treatment technologies, implement those best suited for addressing customer needs, and stay in that lane without pretending to be experts on health issues related to water contaminants.

Information received on January 8, 2024, however, compels us to advise as many people as possible about a significant health threat related to water – specifically bottled water. On that date, we received the findings on nanoplastics in bottled water published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Their examinations showed an average of 250,000 particles per bottle in those tested.

Even more concerning than the high numbers was their sizes as small or smaller than a virus. At this size, they can invade human cells disrupting their development or causing mutations affecting our neurologic, immunologic, circulatory, and all organ systems. So small, in fact, that they have been found in newborns. It’s no leap to realize that animals and fish have been exposed, so to some extent the particles are also in our food chain.

The plastic materials are identified by a laser bombardment process that reveals they consist of nylon, Teflon (PTFE) the forever chemical, PVC, packaging plastics including PET, and possibly in some cases the polymer used in the production of reverse osmosis membranes.

What are we to do? The obvious answer is to avoid bottled water. Next would be to use an in-home reverse osmosis system that has pores as small as 0.002 to 0.0001 microns or at least 1/5 the size of the smallest virus/nanoplastics. Finally, an entrepreneur somewhere, hopefully, will follow in the footsteps of Stephan Wiess and drill deeply for newly formed water as outlined in our blog titled “There is probably enough water on earth for everyone”. This water, at depths of hundreds of feet, has not been exposed to man’s contamination and could be transported to customers in SS or glass vessels.

The World needs Fluoride and that’s why it is here as one of the most prevalent 15 minerals. In nature it exists primarily as hard, slowly dissolving calcium fluoride (CaF₂). As low pH rain water passes through the ground causing it to dissolve the water hardness and fluoride concentration both increase in ground water (well water). Likewise, rain runoff across exposed calcium fluoride adds hardness and fluoride to surface water (rivers, lakes, streams). In most of the world the net amount in water of naturally occurring fluoride is in the 0.3 mg/l range. The notable exceptions are parts of Russia and India where because of the high concentrations of calcium fluoride, water contains beyond 10 mg/l.

In the lower concentrations, fluoride in soil and water is classified as a micro-nutrient that contributes to plant growth and, in humans, healthier, cavity-free teeth and stronger bones. As WWII ramped up, it is rumored that dentists could accurately predict draftees from certain cities because of excellent teeth— one being Green Bay, WI. Fluoride from plants and water gravitates toward calcium in humans thus its ultimate effect on teeth and bones.

If fluoride concentrations are too high, plants and humans accumulate it. Humans absorb 80% of fluoride ingested and 50% of that migrates to teeth and bones with the balance eliminated through urine. Plants simply store it and tea leaves probably store more than any other edible plants.

Most fluoride is used in industrial processes and waste from the processes is converted to Hexaflurosilicic acid (F6H2Si) that dissociates in water to 6F^– + SiO2 + 4H⁺. This acid is the primary additive used by municipalities along with sodium fluorosilicate or sodium fluoride to increase drinking water natural fluoride to approximately 1 mg/l based on the dental profession’s recommendations for healthy teeth. This added fluoride is welcomed by many and passionately opposed by others. The opposing group spends huge amounts to have the fluoride removed from their water. The current options for reduction are:

BONE CHAR.

This method is currently the most popular. Forget “removal” that is not going to happen “reduction” to some extent will. In addition to the issue of the level of reduction are capacity (how many gallons will it treat) and effective flow rate. As its name implies, bone char is nothing more than ground cattle bones heated to 900^o F in a low/no oxygen atmosphere within a rotating kiln. The resulting product is a fine, black particle consisting of approximately 70% hydroxyapatite [Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2] and the balance somewhat activated carbon (C). The reduction of fluoride is a combination of adsorption of fluoride by the hydroxyapatite, adsorption by the activated carbon and partial ion exchange with available OH ions.

Each cubic foot weighs 40 pounds and has the following characteristics –

• Literature is scant on this. We began using material from an east coast suppler in 2006. Their stated capacity was 0.005 pounds of fluoride removal per pound of bone char. This converts to 23,950 gallons per cubic foot based on 1 mg/l challenge. 100 days for a family of 4. We participated in a WQA test of the same material in 2009 and results were 11,900 gallons. 50 days for a family of 4. A recent in-house test on a sample from a national sample had a yield of 1517 gallons or about 2 weeks for a family of 4.
• Percent Removal. On average, fluoride removal was 67% thus leaving 33% or 1/3 of the fluoride in the water.
• Flow rate. The reactions taking place between the media and the fluoride take a long take a long time. To obtain even the modest results requires a flow rate of approximately 1.5 GPM per cubic foot of media. Higher flow rates cause the percentage of fluoride left in the treated water to increase significantly.
• Water Chemistry. Chlorine in the water to a bone char system will occupy some of the available sites which reduces capacity as will chloride. Effectiveness favors a pH in the 6-7 range and unfortunately cities are elevating their water pH to the 8+ level to prevent corrosion in their distribution system.

Recommendation for Bone Char Systems: AVOID.

ACTIVATED ALUMINA

The use of this material predates bone char for fluoride. It is a factory processed form of Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃) and normally appears as small white/light tan spheres 16-30 US mesh in size. For unexplained reasons, the USEPA classifies Activated Alumina as Best Available Technology (BAT) for fluoride and arsenic from water.

The material as originally processed contains sodium oxide (Na₂O) which converts to sodium hydroxide (NaOH) when first wetted. The resulting high pH reduces the capacity for Fluoride to nearly zero. Treatment of the material with hydrochloric (HCl) or sulfuric (H₂SO₄) acid before use is imperative. Some, but not all, providers of activated alumina offer material that has been acid washed for immediate use—beware.

Effective system flow is 2 GPM/cu. ft. of media in tanks(s) and removal of fluoride is approximately 65% at this flow rate. Capacity for fluoride is estimated at 1.5% or 6 lbs. fluoride per 40 pounds (1 cu.ft. ) of activated alumina. This is roughly 25x the capacity of bone char. However, properly prepared activated alumina can cost 20x that of bone char.

Water chemistry. Here is where the efficacy of activated alumina falls apart. The capacity for fluoride drops precipitously by 50% or more when feed water pH is 8.2 and bicarbonate alkalinity (essentially hardness) exceeds 50 PPM (3 grains). This eliminates effectiveness on 85% of municipal water supplies.

Recommendation for Activated Alumina Systems: AVOID.

ION EXCHANGE

As a weakly charged anion (negatively charged ion), fluoride can be reduced by approximately 50% by employing a system similar to a water softener where the softening resin has been replaced with typically a Type 2 strong base anion resin. Such systems are regenerated with sodium chloride (NaCl) and usually have a capacity of 12,000 grains for ALL anions in the water exclusive of silica and carbon dioxide when 5 pounds of salt per cubic ft. of resin. The removal of all anions is concerning. First, this could lead to a corrosive water as carbonate, bicarbonate and hydroxyl ions are removed. Second, there is always a chance of taste and odor issues when anion resins are used and in addition a very briny water could be created. Third and of primary importance, these resins are not fluoride selective and thus if not regenerated accurately and timely, they can dump extremely high, toxic levels of fluoride into the facility water stream.

A search for a fluoride selective resin yielded one manufacturer located in India. Overall capacity information contained numerous chemistry and flow rate caveats. The main problem is Aluminum Chloride is required for regeneration and its cost and availability is unknown.

Recommendation for Ion Exchange Systems: USE EXTREME CAUTION

REVERSE OSMOSIS

Drinking Water

A properly designed under counter system will produce approximately 1 gallon of treated water every half hour at a water use efficiency of 50% when operated at 65 PSI. Reduction of fluoride is 90-97% which means the remaining fluoride will be below detection levels or essentially zero on water tests. A basic battery operated total dissolved solids (TDS) meter should be included to monitor the effectiveness of the membrane. The system should also have a PERMEATE PUMP to eliminate TDS Creep which is an operational phenomenon of small RO systems that lowers water quality (increases fluoride in treated water).

Whole House

Although there is no reliable (Government agency, university study, etc.) study indicating fluoride uptake by humans other than by oral ingestion, there are those who wish to have it removed from their entire home. A reverse osmosis system designed and constructed to treat all water within a home will reduce fluoride as well as or better than an under counter system.

Recommendation for Whole House R.O. systems: Expensive but highly effective

You may or may not approve of the elimination of the world’s dependency on fossil fuels (oil, coal & natural gas) and the pace of the change to renewables (solar and wind) is taking, but they are definitely upon us. It appears that virtue-signaling government personnel and bureaucracies have gotten ahead of available technologies with the exception of Japan and perhaps a few other countries.

The current worldwide preferred technology for cars and trucks to avoid fossil fuels is electric motors and the source of electricity is batteries that require frequent recharging. Recharging requires electricity from the grid and this power is derived from generators powered primarily by fossil fuels. The stated desire is to augment and eventually replace these generators with renewable power from photovoltaic cells (solar) and wind-driven generators. As a side note, current new solar panels transform 20% of the applied sun energy into electricity, stabilizing to 18% shortly after installation.

The obvious problem in the transition to sun and wind use is their intermittent availability. To overcome this deficiency, a huge industry of battery-based energy storage that releases electricity on demand 24/7 is emerging. This storage capacity will require millions if not billions of batteries over and above those needed for vehicles.  It’s questionable that even multiple Tesla million-square-foot giga-factories can meet the challenge.

In addition to the production capabilities needed to produce the number of batteries required, is raw materials availability. Sources of items such as Lithium, cobalt, and nickel are questionable as is their very existence. One geologist has stated that there aren’t enough of the necessary elements on the planet to meet the needs. The answer may be to switch to sodium from lithium. Sodium is a close cousin to lithium on the periodic table and is universally available as salt to be mined and in seawater. Metallic sodium does not exist in nature as pure sodium but must be extracted from molten salt (Sodium Chloride) by the Downs Cell method. Sodium-based batteries have a lower power-to-weight ratio than lithium-based, so they are best suited for stationary storage applications thus leaving lithium for vehicles. One interesting source of salt could be the wastewater from seawater reverse osmosis systems. By reclaiming the salt and not returning it to the ocean, permits for large seaside systems to produce drinking water may avoid the negativity by environmentalists.

Interestingly, Japan, in spite of its history, is ramping up its nuclear energy electricity production capabilities to replace shipped-in oil and natural gas. They have a shortage of both wind and solar options because of location, geography, and population density. They have developed smaller, close-to-use reactors and turbine-driven generators. The reactors are totally unique employing closed-loop helium cooling systems to replace water and employ ceramic encapsulation of radioactive core sources that are impervious to heat.  Both features address the problems displayed at the Fukushima power plant.

Of additional interest, Japan is betting through Toyota and Honda on electric cars powered by Hydrogen using hydrogen fuel cells as the source of electricity. They have also developed two new methods of producing hydrogen from water. Both processes are electrolysis with one receiving its energy in a loop directly from the small nuclear reactor called high-temperature steam electrolysis (HTSE) and the other called the thermochemical water-splitting iodine-sulfur (IS) process.

The ever-present message from news outlets, government officials from the top down, and peer pressure is that Worldwide we all must wear a mask to prevent the spread of Covid 19. There is compelling evidence that the most common materials used in their fabrication have pore sizes much larger than viruses thus not particularly effective. The analogy referred to is to think of throwing sand at a chain-link fence. Apparently, this has become common knowledge, thus a recent push to wear 2 masks simultaneously. Personal hygiene and immune improvement through diet and supplementation have all but disappeared from the dispensed advice.

The push for masks has been so effective that billions have been distributed and the numbers continue to grow. The vast majority are disposable and carelessly discarded as evidenced in parking lots, parks, and along roadways. This issue goes way beyond litter and affects our health and the food chain.

The most popular materials used to manufacture masks are cotton, polypropylene, and polyester with the last two being manmade plastic materials. The manmade materials are processed into microfibers for maximum filtration efficacy. This processing is responsible for microfibers getting into our water and food as the masks degrade. The primary effect in humans is the disruption of intestinal chemistry plus the unknown long-term exposure to slowly dissolving polymers in our gut. Environmentalists have now concluded that these particular microfibers are further degrading to Nanoparticles which plausibly causes uptake into the bloodstream.

What to do? The damage is done, so changes in mask material or disposal regulations will not change things because of lead times and delays. The only thing that can be done is to filter the drinking water in your home and the only filtration process that can remove harmful water particulates down to Nanosize is reverse osmosis. Add this situation to the ever-growing list of actual or potential health-compromising items in our drinking water that a functioning reverse osmosis unit can remove. Bottled water is NOT the answer.

For over 20 years, Dime Water has been constructing nonchemical water treatment equipment. We have utilized very powerful Neodymium rare earth magnets to cause particles in the water to cling to one another (agglomerate) for particle life extension or filtration. I have personally dismissed the thought that a magnetic field could, in addition, react on the water itself. I believe that I have been in error.

Magnetized Water Testing

A recent summary of tests conducted to determine patient benefits for diabetes control related to drinking water exposed to a strong magnetic field or “magnetized water” showed positive results. Albeit animal studies under close clinical controls, such research often finds its way into what we call mainstream or western medicine and pharmacology. The summary states “it is suggested that the long-term intake of magnetized water over 8 weeks may be beneficial in both prevention and treatment of complications in diabetic patients”.
The study can be found online at www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PCM3572224/
Magnetism apparently acts as an antioxidant and further in the report improvements to liver function and oral health are mentioned as are hexagonal structure clusters of water molecules.

Magnetic Water Usage

Magnetic fields have been used for decades in countries such as Russia to accelerate wound and burn healing via increased blood flow. This is intuitively understandable given the iron prevalence in human blood. The FDA has now approved devices for such uses and their benefits. The phenomenon of magnetized water has been promoted for many years for enhancement of irrigation water with claims for increased crop yields, larger plants, and less water required. Empirical data support the claims, but controlled tests are scarce.
For reference the following Dime Water products contain strong magnetic fields that plausibly have these additional consumer benefits:

• ESF
• ESF PLUS
• AQUAFER – Treated water for less than $1 a day.
• AQUAFER-AC
• AQUAFER PLUS
• MAXI-CURE
• MAXI-CURE PLUS
• STRUCTURED WATER R.0.

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When it comes to water filtration few systems are as effective as a reverse osmosis or RO system. With the ability to filter out organic and chemical contaminants down to the smallest micron, an RO system has the ability to provide the highest quality clean water. But, what is the secret to RO water purifier success? Easy, it’s the membranes.

The RO Membrane is the key feature in every reverse osmosis systems. The membrane is made of an extremely thin plastic sheet material that gets added to other permeable plastic sheets. Together, these sheets include a membrane support layer, a feed spacer, a permeate (or treated water carrier) and finally the outer wrap. They wrap themselves around a perforated product/permeate tube and function together.  The entire assembly becomes the RO element which houses the membrane and produces purified water.

Physicists, physical chemists and polymer chemists best explain how the RO Membrane works.  A simple explanation is: “the RO Membrane blocks contaminants that pass through the membrane under pressure and dissolve.  The membrane stops between 10% to 99.99% of dissolved particulates depending on applied pressures and the specific desired filtration needs of the users.

While a hearty workhorse, the RO Membrane is quite fragile. The membrane is protected by:

• Chlorine
• pH extremes
• high temperature
• hard water scale
• organics
• microbiology
• iron
• manganese
• dirt and silt

To avoid issues with an RO system, customers need to work with reputable companies and manufacturers. Dime Water not only sells the best products but knows exactly how to service these products to assure years of reliable use. Dime Water assures that our systems include the proper pretreatments and utilizes RO Membranes specifically designed to do the right job while lasting as long as possible.

When a customer wants the best water for their business or home, they will do their homework to find what they need. However, when looking at the concept of “the best” some confusion arises. It’s very difficult to determine what exactly a customer wants when they say they want the best. How does a business respond to such a request? Is the customer referring to the price, final water quality, the quantity of purified water produced or the number of treatment steps? What exactly does the customer mean when they want “the best”?

There are many good purifiers, most of which meet the above requirements, but the true test of quality is a filter system that delivers consistently through years. Our core belief is the best water purifier is the one that meets exact customer needs and will continue to do so reliably for years.

Let’s review some of the definitions for best:

• Price. Many manufacturers sell systems with Imported components and inexperienced assemblers.  After utilizing all tactics to drive down the price, the post-sale service is near obsolete.  The customer can be left with cheap, substandard systems that won’t last for any amount of time.
• Smaller unit.  Some manufacturers sell customers on the fast, smaller units.  However, in the long run, these fail to keep up with the water demand.
• Missing or improper pretreatment. Sub-standard and cheaply made systems will add up in costs and deliver questionable quality as RO system membranes will need constant cleaning or replacement.
• Out of spec water quality. If the system is built incorrectly or without the right specs, the water quality will suffer.
• Downtime.  How will the customer meet their water needs when the system is out for repair?

To get the best water purifier, it is imperative to work with the best manufacturer. A quality manufacturer will have the best value for the dollar.  They will provide quality equipment and systems that will give proven results over the years. In the off chance something breaks, they will have the skills and support to get the system up and running as quickly as possible.

DRO-100 RO Systems

The use of the words “RO Systems Water Purifier” often appears in written and verbal requests from residential and commercial customers seeking better water for their home or business. Such wording is an excellent place to begin the discussion about the final customer needs because the RO water purifier will:

• Filter water to a particulate size down to 0.002 microns or smaller. This is 1/38,000^th of a human hair and can prevent the passage of bacteria, viruses, and cysts.
• Remove up to 99.9% of everything dissolved in water including minerals, metals, radioactive materials and pharmaceuticals.

This creates water that is well on its way to becoming pure. Most systems designated as RO water purifiers also incorporate other filtration steps to protect the RO membrane and further purify the water by removing gas phase items such as chlorine and chloramines. Also, filters remove volatile organics such as insecticides and pesticides and often ultraviolet light is added for safety from any living organisms.

Pure has a broad definition of water that doesn’t leave spots on dishes to water that can be used to prepare medicines and beyond. RO water purifier thus can evolve with RO being the primary process into 10 or more filtration steps to meet customer needs.

RO Membranes are the key component in all reverse osmosis systems. The membrane itself is an extremely thin plastic sheet material that is added to other plastic sheets including a membrane support layer, a feed spacer, a permeate (treated water) carrier, and finally an outer wrap. Once these items are wrapped around a perforated product/permeate tube the assembly becomes the RO element which has as its functional component the reverse osmosis membrane.

The exact mechanism of how the RO Membrane works is best explained by physicists, physical chemists, and polymer chemists. A basic explanation of its function is that water passes through under pressure but absolutely everything dissolved in the water is prevented from passage or rejected by the RO Membrane from 10% to 99.99% depending on applied pressures and the specific elements and compounds in the water being treated.

Though a workhorse the RO Membrane is quite fragile and must be protected from damage and plugging from chlorine, pH extremes, high temperature, hard water scale, organics, microbiology, iron, manganese,  dirt, and silt. This highlights the need to work with a company such as Dime Water, Inc. to be assured that your system includes the proper pretreatment and utilizes RO Membranes selected to do the job and last as long as possible.

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DRO-100 HE PLUS: a brand new all-inclusive under the counter drinking water system is now available from Dime Water, Inc.

This new system is constructed to not only reduce all known water contaminants by 90% or higher but also adds healthy benefits to the water that you drink. Using reverse osmosis, this new system provides cleaner water for drinking, beverages you prepare such as coffee, tea, and foods, like soup for example.

After the reverse osmosis process, our new system utilizes a custom cartridge that allows three important things to occur to further improve your water.

First, pH levels are adjusted to the alkalinity level you prefer ranging from neutral of 7 to over 8.5 depending on the raw water chemistry.

Second, the vital to life electrolytes calcium and magnesium are added to the water from natural sources as well as enhanced taste.

Finally, the DRO-100 HE PLUS stands apart from other filtrations systems by adding molecular hydrogen to the water as a therapeutic antioxidant. A publication in the 2016 National Institute of Health by Dr. Lei Huang, M.D. talks about the health benefits of cleansing the human body of oxidants at a cellular level. A measurable negative ORP of the treated water confirms the antioxidant properties of our water.

All of this is accomplished with the most efficient recovery of treated water available at 76%. This reduction of wasted water is critical to the environment as is the elimination of plastic bottles now that the water is treated in the home.

And did we mention the super production capacity of the DRO-100 HE PLUS is 100 gallons per day! This virtually guarantees you’ll never run out of this delicious & healthy water.

Have questions about purchasing commercial reverse osmosis filter equipment? As business people, you probably wouldn’t buy or lease a building based only on square footage, a vehicle based totally on length or a computer system focusing exclusively on storage capacity. Knowing reasonable details about each of these examples is the norm for long term useful and satisfactory purchases.

Strangely, all too often commercial reverse osmosis filter units are selected from a catalog or on-line provider based solely on how much water it can produce in a day. A few purchasers get lucky but the vast majority come up short on desired water quality, excessive maintenance, poor after-sale assistance and yes, even insufficiently treated water volume for the day.

To design and construct reverse osmosis equipment to meet customer’s needs at a competitive price Dime Water, Inc. processes all inquiries through experienced engineers that listen intently to all application requirements and then feed this information along with water chemistry data as well as ambient conditions into one or more computerized design programs. The result is systems that meet YOUR needs without fail.

In the event that you have acquired a reverse osmosis system after intensive research from a reputed supplier, you may require us to hire moving companies sparks nv (or wherever you live) to transport it to your business location. These companies will be able to assist you in safely and easily transporting your machines.

Prior to that, it seems critical to find an appropriate system for your business. If you are not asked about your treated water quality expectations, raw water source, job site location, storage volume, available space, and power along with control requirements you are in danger of not getting what you need.

If you are in the market for water treatment equipment whether a commercial or industrial reverse osmosis system, filter, softener, deionized or any other process contact us and let us put our decades of experience to work for you.

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Bottled Water Cost

Americans will spend $16 billion on bottled water this year. Think about it – millions of us every day will go out and pay to get something that is more or less the same as what comes out of our kitchen faucet.

Of course, it’s that ‘more or less’ detail that makes all the difference.

Bottled water, whether it is labeled as artesian, mineral or spring water, is regulated by the FDA and must meet that organization’s water quality standards. That gives us a sense of confidence that this water is healthier and safer, and it usually tastes better too.

But what if you could achieve those same levels of quality and taste in your tap water? How much money would that add back into your family’s budget?

Is It Just Tap Water?

Believe it or not, even if you buy water from the store you may be drinking someone’s tap water anyway. Pictures of mountains and glaciers on bottle labels help consumers to visualize the purity of a clear stream in the reverse osmosisckies, but that doesn’t mean that is where the contents originated.

Those brands that do put more effort into their product will filter water using reverse osmosis, which removes impurities and particles larger than .001 microns. But that is something you can do as well.

Dimewater Inc. offers several reverse osmosis systems that remove bacteria, pyrogens, viruses, pesticides, dissolved solids, sulfates, radioactive contaminants, pharmaceuticals, and other harmful particles from your water.  Choose from our standard product line of reverse osmosis systems or choose to utilize our in-house engineering team to design a custom engineered system based upon your needs.

Call us at 760.734.5787 and get in touch with one of our water experts today.

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High-quality lab water derived from a laboratory water purification system is one of the most important components of a successful laboratory. Regarding the process of purifying lab water, consider thinking in terms of two processes — one is at the application point and the other is the pre-treatment. Because the requirements for lab water quality are so high, dedicated equipment (see Arrow Mixing, for examples) is often specified at each application point for purification as well as for blending of samples, sedimentation analyses, or staining. This type of scientific equipment can be purchased online from laboratory equipment specialists such as SciQuip. Such equipment does a beautiful job BUT typically their capacity in gallons is quite low and replacement filters, membranes, lamps, etc. can also be costly.

To maintain the desired application quality and minimize replacement costs it is best to add pre-treatment to your laboratory water purification system. This is most effective if it includes processes to eliminate chlorine, reduce TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) and eliminate chloramines and destroy microorganisms which would consist of filtration, reverse osmosis or deionization, and ultraviolet. Sophistication, instrumentation, and process steps for this lab water pre-treatment can be scaled to virtually any volume and flow requirement and pays for itself in a short period of time. To make sure that the water is at the right temperature as well as the lab, temperature mapping services will be advantageous in this instance, it will monitor the surrounding area making sure that any and all lab equipment and specimens are not compromised.

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There are a number of items to consider when contemplating the purchase of a commercial reverse osmosis system. They include:

Commercial reverse osmosis systems are sized and priced based on the volume of treated water required in a 24 hour day expressed as GPD. For longevity of the system, a good duty cycle is 12-18 hours daily run time.

or an atmospheric tank with a re-pressure pump for release at desired flow rates when needed. Be aware of the tank space required.

There is a wastewater stream associated with commercial reverse osmosis units. The ratio of treated water volume to the total water entering the system is called its RECOVERY with this percentage dependent on raw water chemistry and ranges from 50% to 85%.

Systems cannot remove 100% of everything dissolved in the water. The percentage removed is called REJECTION and varies from 95% to 99% based on inlet water chemistry and system design. Custom commercial reverse osmosis units can be custom designed to provide even a higher rejection percentage to often eliminate the need for post-treatment with deionization.

Although we refer to systems as commercial reverse osmosis units the membranes can be replaced with NANO membranes and then called NANO systems that can offer advantages to the user. Advantages include lower operating pressures to save energy and longer system life; increased water efficiency with less drain water. Rejection is reduced to 85-90% but that water quality level may be adequate for your needs.

As a general rule when obtaining a quote or purchasing a commercial reverse osmosis system or NANO systems have full knowledge in advance of what quality water you need, daily peak use, peak flow requirement and source of water to be treated. If you are not prompted to provide this information by the prospective supplier, move on to one that will.

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Swiss food giant Nestlé might be forced to shut down its water bottling plants after Eddie Kurtz, the executive director of the California-based Courage Campaign has petitioned the California Water Resources Control Board regarding Nestlé’s water consumption. The company (as well as many others) is using the bottled water industry to bottle for profit water that they pipe from public lands, pump from the desert and draw from municipal water supplies.

While citizens are asked to watch and reduce their own water consumption, the company’s 5 bottled water plants and 4 food factories in the state collectively consume about 1 billion gallons of water each year, which amounts to 0.008% of the 13 trillion gallons of annual water use in the state. However, a shutdown of operations in California will not fix the drought, as Nestlé explained on their website.

Bottled Water Industry and Water Use

Despite the bottled water industry’s size, the amount of water used is relatively tiny compared to tap water volumes. According to the UCLA Institute for Environment and Sustainability, at almost 80%, agriculture is the largest user of water in the state, followed by urban residential use at 13%. Have you ever wondered what the water footprint of products we purchase is? High water use can also be less obvious. For example:

• 1 pound of beef – 1,799 gallons
• 1 pound of chicken – 468 gallons
• 1 ounce of chocolate bar – 200 gallons
• 1 pound of potatoes – 119 gallons
• 1 egg – 53 gallons
• 1 apple – 18 gallons
• 1 slice of bread – 11 gallons

Bottled water is a very efficient water user, as 100% of it is intended for human consumption. Conversely, only about 2% of tap water is used for human consumption, according to the International Bottled Water Association. Drinking bottled water is a healthy choice, reducing the overall beverage environmental footprint and keeping people away from unhealthy soft drink consumption. Also, bottled water is comprehensively regulated by the FDA, which has regulations governing the safety and quality of bottled water at least as stringent as the EPA standards for tap water.

How Is Bottled Water Made?

Many bottled water companies use public water sources for their purified bottled water products, thus supporting a strong public water system, which is important for providing people with safe drinking water. Many people believe that purified bottled water is just plain tap water in a bottle, but, once the water enters the bottling plant, there are several processes employed to ensure the water meets the FDA purified water standard. Bottled water treatments may employ one or more of the following processes:

• reverse osmosis
• distillation
• micro-filtration
• carbon filtration
• ozonation
• UV light treatment

The finished water product is then placed in a bottle under sanitary conditions and sold. In an era where more and more people are concerned about their water quality, an excellent business to consider is a water store. Dime Water Inc. provides a range of water store/water bottling units and we build them in a variety of different sizes, anywhere from 1000 gallons a day up to 100.000 gallons a day. Call us today at 760.734.5787 for specifics.

Resources:

• http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/california-drought/ban-bottled-water-industry-scrutinized-parched-california-n357256
• http://www.bottledwater.org/
• http://www.bottledwater.org/california-drought
• http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodborneIllnessContaminants/BuyStoreServeSafeFood/ucm077079.htm

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Improving Water Education:

21 federal grants were recently awarded to universities for the purpose of supporting critical water education programming in agricultural watersheds and rural areas across the country. The grants were awarded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s National Institute of Food and Agriculture, through the institute’s Agriculture and Food Research Initiative “Water for Agriculture” challenge and the National Integrated Water Quality Program.

The University of Wisconsin- Madison has received one of those 21 grants, and their portion of the more than $10 million in agricultural water grants is $900,000. These grants represent the first year of funding for the Water for Agriculture program.

“Think Water”

“Water is our most precious resource, one that is essential for both human survival and well-being, and for our ability to grow our crops and livestock,” said Sonny Ramaswamy, institute director. “By funding research, extension and education for citizens and the agriculture community, we are able to proactively create solutions to water-related issues like drought and its impact on food security.”

The University has a long tradition of providing leadership in multiple areas of agriculture and, with the new grant, educators will broaden the project’s water-education focus beyond youth to include water education for adults and research specifically focused on crucial agricultural water-use and –impact issues.

What is ThinkWater? NEW from Cabrera Research on Vimeo.The UW was initially awarded a $2.6 million federal grant in 2011 for their project, which focused on improving water education for youth to create greater understanding and caring with regard to water issues.

Why Should We Be Concerned About Agricultural Water?

Agricultural water is water that is used to grow fresh produce and sustain livestock. According to the United States Geological Survey (USGS), water used for irrigation accounts for nearly 65% of the world’s freshwater withdrawals, excluding thermoelectric power. There are 330 million acres of land used for agricultural purposes in the United States that produce an abundance of food and other products. Agricultural water is used for:

• irrigation
• pesticides
• fertilizer applications
• crop cooling
• frost control

Poor planning of industrial sites, animal farms, and barnyards and feedlots can easily affect the water quality. Poor water quality can affect the quality of food crops and lead to illness in those who consume them. Agricultural water can become contaminated through a variety of ways and can potentially spread bacteria, viruses, and parasites to crops and animals. Agricultural activities that cause nonpoint source pollution include:

• overgrazing
• overworking the land (for example, plowing too often)
• poorly managed and ineffective application of pesticides, irrigation water, and fertilizer
• poorly managed animal feeding operations

Certain microorganisms such as Cryptosporidium, blue-green algae, or Staphylococcus, can be toxic to animals and cause symptoms like diarrhea, lack of coordination, labored breathing, or death. Ill animals can then release millions of infectious microbes into the soil that can further contaminate other water sources. Disease-causing organisms can rapidly spread if animals are drinking from the same trough, so it is important that livestock are provided with adequate amounts of quality water, free of contamination. Also, irrigating crops with contaminated water can lead to contaminated food products, which will lead to illness when eaten.

Water Treatment Solutions for the Agriculture Market

Agriculture-related operations produce a range of wastewaters requiring a variety of treatment technologies and management practices. Water treatment technologies employed for the agriculture markets include:

• biological treatment
• disinfection
• filtration
• mixing/aeration
• reverse osmosis
• ultrafiltration

At Dime Water Inc., our engineers are always prepared to help you choose the right water treatment technology to meet your needs. Contact us at 760.734.5787!

Resources:

• https://www.agriview.com/news/crop/agriculture-water-issues-uw-receives-federal-grant/article_831956f7-b146-5fc7-ae36-b51855fb8771.html
• https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/other/agricultural/index.html
• https://wwf.panda.org/what_we_do/footprint/agriculture/impacts/water_use/
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agricultural_wastewater_treatment

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New line of custom-built water treatment products

Wellness enthusiasts and water purists rejoice! Dime Water Inc. is proud to announce our new line of custom-built water treatment products in the wellness industry, which we call WFP (Water for Purists). Since our inception, we evolved with the thought that innovative ideas regarding our drinking water are most welcome, thus, we are always researching and experimenting with products that we believe can bring significant changes to a household’s drinking water quality.

Water for Purists is an idea born considering our human nature and the ever-growing need to know what it is in our water. People are becoming more and more informed and aware of water’s properties as a result of numerous scientific studies and publications. Many authors have contributed to elevate the awareness of the public as to how can water quality be improved, and many people have started taking action and considering various water treatment units for their homes and businesses.

We at Dime Water Inc. have a passion for water. Inspired by renowned scientists from all over the world such as Dr. Batmanghelidj, Wm. D. Holloway, Herb Joiner-Bey, Masaru Emoto, Viktor Schauberger, Dr. reverse osmosis Becker, Bruce Taino, just to name a few of those who contributed to elevate awareness of the mysteries of water, we have developed a new product line, actually series of products that we refer to as WFP (Water For Purists) units.

Dianne Kuypers, President of Dime Water Inc.

5 Series with Incredible Efficiency

These custom-built units are designed to treat a single point of use or the entire house, depending on what our clients request. The series developed by our talented, skillful and experienced team includes:

• WFP-1 Series: Filters
• WFP-2 Series: Oxygenation
• WFP-3 Series: Vortexing
• WFP-4 Series: Frequency Addition
• WFP-5 Series: Ozonation AOP (Advanced Oxidation Process)

WFP-1 Series: Filters

This series includes single and dual counter top cartridge filters. The units we provide are portable, adaptable to faucet spouts and allow selection of treated/untreated water through a diverter valve. They are specially designed to keep under control:

• alkalinity
• chloramines
• chlorine
• electrolytes
• fluoride
• heavy metals
• TDS
• volatile organics

WFP-2 Series: Oxygenation

These custom-built units restore the oxygen level in your drinking water to a level of your choosing. The units can also be added to existing reverse osmosis units or incorporated into other Dime Water Inc. products. Our custom-built systems use 80% pure oxygen. Another advantage is that the presence of oxygen in drinking water assists protective coating formation on the inside of metal water transport pipes.

WFP-3 Series: Vortexing

The WFP-3 Series are available for whole house systems, drinking water-only units but can also be incorporated in Maxicure™, Aquafer™, Aquafer Plus™ and ESF™ units. The vortex phenomenon, which these units are able to recreate, is able to bring back vital life into your water. The Aquafer offers treated water for less than $1 a day.

WFP-4 Series: Frequency Addition

We have designed custom units that impart the frequency of 62-68 cycles per second, which is believed to be a healthy body’s natural intracellular frequency. Users can also adjust the frequency from 8-20,000 cycles per seconds for drinking water-only or for all water in their home.

WFP-5 Series: Ozonation AOP (Advanced Oxidation Process)

Dime Water Inc. has designed and manufactured the WFP-5 Series for drinking water and whole house applications. Combined with UV light treatment, ozone is known to be extremely effective in removing bacteria and organics from the water, leaving your water free from any organic contaminants of concern.

We manufacture all items so you can be assured of excellent value in pricing, quality and durability. If anyone is interested in a process not displayed in our series, we can always be contacted with requests.

Michael Colburn, Vice President and Chief Engineer at Dime Water Inc.

Prices for our custom-built WFP units are all available upon request. Contact us at 760.734.5787 for more information about our products!

Resources:

• http://www.prweb.com/releases/pure-water/wellness/prweb12421348.htm

Simply expressed, water is pressurized and forced through an extremely thin sheet of specially formulated plastic sheet. The higher the pressure, the more water passes through. The thin sheet (membrane) passes water and traps a high (95% plus) percentage (rejection) of everything (dissolved solids) in the water. The trapped items exit the membrane as a waste (concentrate) stream and the balance (permeate) stream is collected. The permeate stream normally represents 50% to 80% (recovery) of the water entering the membrane

There are basic steps in processing water with a commercial reverse system that must be considered in the design and application of the systems. They are:

1. PRETREATMENT. Often overlooked or poorly designed, this step determines system life cycle, maintenance requirements and overall performance. The following must be addressed —

• Turbidity (undissolved solids) reduction to at least 5 microns.  The porosity of the membrane down to 0.0002 microns makes it an excellent filter, but unaddressed turbidity will plug membranes in as little as hours.
• Iron and manganese removal to nondetectable or trace amounts. Both severely lower membrane life and/or cause frequent membrane cleaning.
• Hard water scale prevention. Hard water scale rapidly stops treated water flow. There are alternative prevention methods less costly and more environmentally friendly than water softeners. These include our ESF, Aquafer, Maxi-Cure and chemical feed systems.
• Chlorine and organics removal. Both shorten membrane life.
• Biologics removal. Like turbidity, biomasses plug membranes. Chemical feed (chlorine, hydrogen peroxide), ozone or Ultra Violet needs to be employed

2. HIGH-PRESSURE PUMP. It should be selected so that during system operation, the pump motor is not maxed out and is operating near the highest efficiency point.

3. MEMBRANE SELECTION. This should be tailored to your specific needs of optimizing water quality, water use efficiency, specific contaminant removal, etc. There is no universal type.

4. ELECTRICAL CONTROLS.  Ultimately, they all do the same thing, so simplicity, cost and serviceability are primary considerations. Being able to by-pass controls while producing water in an emergency is important.

5. DUTY CYCLE. It should not be a surprise that something running 24/7 will require more frequent service and parts replacement than one operating 1/3 to ½ the time. Selecting a larger system also provides business increase wiggle reverse osmosisom.

6. TREATED WATER STORAGE. reverse osmosis units seldom deliver treated water at a required flow rate. To overcome this, storage with re-pressurization is needed. Tanks should be sized in anticipation of occasional system downtime.

Nowadays, many businesses such as car washes are facing water treatment issues that include an ever-increasing demand for high-quality water. You might be surprised to learn that as well as having good quality maintenance carried out on the interior of your vehicle, at somewhere like Landmark which specializes in BMW repair in Bellevue, you also need to look after the exterior of your car if you want it to perform at its best level. This explains why there is now a new demand for car washes to improve the quality of water they use. Treatment and handling regulation compliance are major issues confronting many segments of the market. Water treatment technologies employed for businesses include a wide range of filters, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis systems, sulfate/nitrate removal units, UV systems, and water softeners.

Car washes, for example, are major water-consuming businesses and will require proper water treatment, in order to save water and provide the best results for their clients. A water softener takes less soap to break the bond between the dirt and the vehicle, making it a great water treatment system to consider.

Reverse Osmosis Systems for Car Washes

The wash-rinse cycle is done in 2 steps: the initial rinse and final rinse. The majority of car washes today use reverse osmosis systems to take the minerals out of the water. The final rinse uses water processed through reverse osmosis and by taking the dissolved solids or most of the dissolved solids from the water, they end up with a spot-free water.

In most cases, RO requires a minimum of 3 gallons of waste to 1 gallon of product water. Wastewater is required to carry the minerals away from the membrane so they will not clog up and stop producing mineral-free water. Most car washes blow the excess water with high-velocity air, but there are those who advertise the hand wash and there they have people with towels and shammies that take the water off, and, in both cases, the quality of washes greatly improves. There are other advantages as well, if anything happened to your car, the insurance would cover it. Insurance 4 MotorTrade can provide some insight into how these policies would work.
Industrial water in a car washing installation can be microbiologically contaminated so both personnel and customers need to be protected against a possible health endangerment.

Dime Water’s reverse osmosis systems produce ultra pure water, which can be used to flush away marks in the car wash. Also, reverse osmosis treated water leaves no line marks on the car lacquer while it dries up.

Washing cars out on the street has been restricted for a long time in many communities for ecological considerations. Washing water will end up in soils poses a threat to groundwater because it contains oils and lubricants, heavy metals, suspended matter, tar, and microorganisms.

For the disinfection of the water, the following procedures are most commonly used:

• ozonization
• UV treatment
• peroxide treatment
• thermal treatment

Water softeners, backwashing carbon filters, and backwashing turbidity filters can also be used in the car washing industry. We provide a wide range of award-winning water recycling solutions that are engineered considering our clients’ needs.

We can help you reduce your water and trade waste costs with systems that pay for themselves through savings. Our systems are durable and compact, built to last and provide guaranteed performance for your car washing business. Dime Water has the knowledge to provide any business with a tailored solution. Call us at 760.734.5787 and get in touch with one of our water experts today!

Resources:

• Brown, C. (2000) Water Conservation in the Professional Car Wash Industry

Bottled water has been a subject of high interest in the latest years, not only considering its health advantages, but also considering ocean pollution.

Around 1,500 bottles are consumed per second in the US and, out of the 50 billion water bottles consumed each year in the world, about 30 billion of them are consumed in the US.

Despite well-intentioned recycling campaigns, the bottled water industry and our addiction to drinking bottled water contribute greatly to global pollution.

There can be other causes of water pollution, such as oil spills and leaks, which can cause severe damage to ocean animals and plants. Such incidents, however, can be avoided by adopting new technologies like software solutions for water quality monitoring. By utilizing software to ascertain water pollution levels, production and other relevant practices can be fine-tuned to reduce environmental impact. This helps take a step towards sustainability and pollution reduction.

There are also other technological developments that help businesses and organizations work on their pollution trends. These see the likes of sensors that can provide reliable and accurate information in extreme, harsh environments. Companies similar to Sentech (learn more about Sentech’s work with subsea lvdts) may provide oil businesses such environmental technology.

While oil spills and other industrial water pollution issues can be solved with technology; however, plastic waste in water bodies might only get controlled with the help of every human being participating in the cause.

85% of PET bottles are either thrown away or end up in the oceans! The best estimate is 11 million tons of plastic waste material is entering the ocean every year. Businesses and organizations wanting to play their part in creating a greener world may want to rent plastic balers from phs Wastekit to manage waste effectively and free up valuable storage space while lowering the impact on the environment.

Ocean Pollution: The Great Pacific Garbage Patch

The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is a collection of marine debris in the North Pacific Ocean and is also known as the Pacific trash vortex, spanning waters from the West Coast of North America to Japan. The patch is actually comprised of the Eastern Garbage Patch, located near Japan, and the Western Garbage Patch, located between the U.S. states of Hawaii and California.

The amount of debris in the Great Pacific Garbage Patch accumulates because much of it is not biodegradable. Many plastics, for instance, do not wear down but they simply break into tinier and tinier pieces. In the presence of sunlight, many of these plastics break down into petroleum byproducts, which are the natural source of material for producing plastic.

The materials that result from the breaking down of the plastic are ending up in marine life and doing some terrible things to the health of fish and other ocean-dwelling life forms. We’ve all seen shocking images of dolphins playing with plastic bags and sea turtles and other animals What Eats A Jellyfish caught up in plastic rings, so this isn’t a new idea to us. As we eat fish, these materials will ultimately end up as part of our food chain. So, apart from looking like a terrible mess out in the ocean, it is also going to have consequences on our health.

Under Counter reverse osmosis units Replace the Need for Having Bottled Water

We should consider filtration in our homes and that is where we, Dime Water, come in with our under counter reverse osmosis unit. We have a particular under counter reverse osmosis unit that uses less water to waste than any other under counter reverse osmosis unit on the market.

We should stop using bottled water, especially this that comes in plastic bottles! Not only do we protect ourselves but also our entire environment, which will lead to cleaner waters and healthier marine life. Contact us today at 760.734.5787 to find out more about how an under counter reverse osmosis water purification system can help you lead a happier and healthier life.

Resources:

• https://response.restoration.noaa.gov/about/media/how-big-great-pacific-garbage-patch-science-vs-myth.html
• https://education.nationalgeographic.com/education/encyclopedia/great-pacific-garbage-patch/?ar_a=1

Copper (Cu) is a metal found in natural deposits such as ores and is widely used in household plumbing materials and various industrial applications. If you are interested in buying copper and other metals online then you can visit https://www.aluminiumwarehouse.co.uk/. Copper and copper alloys have been used for many years to handle water and seawater. The addition of nickel to the copper element improves the strength, wear, erosion and corrosion resistance. Copper-nickel alloys with 10% and 30% nickel are used widely for heat exchangers and seawater pipework, retaining the resistance to marine fouling, which is displayed by copper. Humans can handle proportionally large concentrations of copper, but health problems are sure to appear in this case.

EPA’s Drinking Water Regulations for the Copper Element

The Safe Drinking Water Act passed by Congress in 1974 requires EPA to determine the level of contaminants in drinking water at which no adverse health effects are likely to occur. Maximum contaminant level goals (MCLGs) are non-enforceable health goals, based solely on possible health risks and exposure over a lifetime with an adequate margin of safety. Contaminants are considered to be any physical, chemical, biological or radiological substances or matter in water. If you’re unsure about having these things in your house, you should speak to a plumber (like Nance Services, for instance) to help you decide what is safe and what may not be in your home.

EPA has set the MCLG level of protection for copper at 1.3 mg/L or 1.3 ppm, based on the best available science to prevent potential health problems.

Does Copper Have Any Health Effects?

Copper in excess of the action level may cause gastrointestinal distress with short-term exposure, and liver or kidney damage with long-term exposure. We absorb eminent quantities of copper each day by drinking, breathing and eating and the absorption of copper is necessary, as it is a trace element that is essential for human health.

Exposure to copper through breathing is negligible because copper concentrations in air are usually quite low. People who live in houses that still have copper plumbing and have not had them changed out by a plumber (Paul The Plumber) are exposed to higher levels of copper than people who do not have copper plumbing, because copper is released into their drinking water through the corrosion of the pipes. Other effects of copper exposure include:

• headaches
• stomach aches
• irritation of the nose, mouth and eyes
• metal fume fever
• atrophic changes in nasal mucous membranes (industrial exposure to copper fumes/dust/mists)
• Wilson’s Disease (chronic copper poisoning): hepatic cirrhosis, brain damage, demyelization, renal disease, copper deposition in the cornea

When copper ends up in soil, it strongly attaches to organic matter and minerals. It hardly ever enters groundwater, but in surface water it can travel great distances, either suspended on sludge particles or as free ions. Polluted farmland soils are particularly dangerous for animals, as they will absorb concentrations that are damaging to their health. Sheep suffer a great deal from copper poisoning.

Copper in Drinking Water

The major sources of copper in drinking water are the corrosion of household plumbing systems and the erosion of natural deposits. Pipes, fixtures, faucets and fittings can also be a source. The amount of copper in your drinking water depends on these 6 factors:

• the types of minerals in the water
• the amounts of minerals in the water
• how long the water stays in pipes
• the water’s acidity
• the water’s temperature

We cannot see, taste or smell copper dissolved in water, so testing the water is the only sure way of telling whether there are harmful quantities of lead in your drinking water. You should test your water if your home has copper pipes and you notice the following signs:

• frequent leaks
• rust-colored water
• signs of corrosion
• stained dishes or laundry

One of the ways to do this is to hire a professional plumber from reputed companies like Queens Charlotte Plumbing to check for copper content in your water. There could be many reasons for high copper concentration in water, and these queen charlotte plumbing experts might just be the people who could find a solution to your problem.

Antimicrobial Properties of Copper

Copper and its alloys are natural antimicrobial materials and its antimicrobial properties are still under active investigation. According to a comprehensive literature, technology and patent search that traced the history of understanding the “bacteriostatic and sanitizing properties of copper and copper alloy surfaces”, which was conducted in 1973, demonstrated that copper, in very small quantities, has the power to control a wide range of molds, fungi, harmful microbes and algae. In concentrations above 10g/L, copper inhibits:

• Actinomucor elegans
• Aspergillus niger
• Bacterium linens
• Bacillus megaterium
• Bacillus subtilis
• Brevibacterium erythrogenes
• Candida utilis
• Penicillium chrysogenum
• Rhizopus niveus
• Saccharomyces mandshuricus
• Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Other observations from the research that are noteworthy:

• Achromobacter fischeri and Photobacterium phosphoreum growth is inhibited by metallic copper
• Candida utilis is completely inhibited at 0.04 g/L copper concentrations
• Paramecium caudatum cell division is reduced by copper plates placed on Petri dish covers containing infusoria and nutrient media
• Poliovirus is inactivated within 10 minutes of exposure to copper with ascorbic acid
• Tubercle bacillus is inhibited by copper as simple cations or complex anions in concentrations from 0.02 to 0.2 g/L

An abundance of peer-reviewed antimicrobial efficiency studies plus others directed by the EPA in the past 10 years resulted in the 2008 registration of 274 different copper alloys as certified antimicrobial materials that have public health benefits. There is a variety of techniques used to disinfect fluids and surfaces. Dime Water can provide the following water treatment solutions for disinfection:

• chemical feed system feeding chlorine or hydrogen peroxide
• ultra filtration
• UV
• reverse osmosis
• ozone

Resources:

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimicrobial_properties_of_copper
• https://www.epa.gov/dwreginfo/drinking-water-regulations

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Alkaline water is commonly known as ionized water and has a pH level greater than 7. Many people believe that alkaline water features a number of health benefits. It is generally produced with the aid of a faucet-based water ionizer, or alkalizer. Alkaline means you have a low number of Hydrogen ions in the water and a higher number of either Bicarbonate or Carbonate, or Hydroxyl ions, which contribute to a higher pH and thus the definition of “alkaline”.

5 Apparent Benefits of Drinking Alkaline Water

If you read articles on the physiology of the body you will find that once something of a different pH hits the back of your throat, your body will be aware of it. For instance, if you take something that has a high pH or alkaline, your body will sense it almost immediately. However, once the body senses it, it wants to protect the low pH or acid environment of your stomach, by pumping extra acid in the stomach to neutralize that elevated pH. There are 5 benefits to alkaline water that alkaline water supporters believe in:

• better hydration
• detoxifies your body
• works as an antioxidant
• effective disease protection
• protects bone, tissue and teeth

The only advantage of drinking alkaline water I can think of is that it causes a placebo effect to those who consume it, triggering the reaction of drinking more water and less dehydrating material such as coffee or alcohol. Just the very fact that you are finally hydrating with water and getting rid of sodas and coffee, you are going to feel better.

A Cheaper Way to Make Alkaline Water

In my estimation, if you want to make alkaline water, just take a good, high quality reverse osmosis system, produce water that has little to no mineral content to it and add a pinch of baking soda. For low cost, you will have the high purity water and you have the alkaline, if that is what you desire.

Resources:

• http://www.fitday.com/fitness-articles/nutrition/healthy-eating/what-is-alkaline-water.html
• http://www.fitday.com/fitness-articles/nutrition/healthy-eating/how-alkaline-water-can-improve-your-health.html

Pharmaceutical Leftovers In Our Water

In the last 10 years, traces of pharmaceutical leftovers and personal care products (PPCPs) have been reported in the water cycle. Surface waters, wastewater, groundwater and to a lesser extent drinking water have been contaminated with PPCPs at levels in the nanograms to low micrograms per liter range.

Although they have an impact on human health, PPCPs have a much greater impact on fish, other aquatic wildlife and the environment in general. But what can we do about it? Proper disposal of PPCPs can prevent misuse of pharmaceuticals and keep the environment free from contamination.

What Are PPCPs and How Do They Get into Our Water?

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products include a wide range of drugs and care products:

• prescription and over-the-counter drugs
• veterinary drugs
• cosmetics
• fragrances
• sun-screen products
• diagnostic agents
• nutraceuticals (vitamins for example)

PPCPs get into our water from many different sources as a result of improper disposal. Pharmaceutical industries, hospitals, medical facilities, households and agricultural areas have a big impact on the environment due to operations involving a wide range of PPCPs. Pharmaceuticals, including sex hormones, antibiotics and antidepressants have been found in at least 41 million American’s drinking water supplies!

There is a growing concern about the pharmaceuticals’ contribution to health problems. Also, biological impacts of exposure to higher concentrations of PPCPs in untreated water can lead to:

• feminization of male fish and masculinization of female fish
• delayed sexual development in fish
• embryo mortality
• abnormal hormone levels
• structural and neurological damages

The animation below was funded by the European Union within the research project PHARMAS and was conceived for a general educated public with no prior knowledge of the PPCPs issue.

How Do I Properly Dispose of PPCPs?

Depending on the source and the ingredients, there are various ways in which the public can properly dispose of pharmaceuticals and personal care products. Often, there are community drug take-back programs that collect drugs at a center location for proper disposal. The United States Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) periodically promotes local take-back programs and the program called the National Take Back Initiative.

However, if no program is available, the Environmental Protection Agency and the Office of National Drug Policy emphasize on following the subsequent measurements:

• take the prescription drugs out of their original containers
• mix drugs with cat litter or used coffee grounds
• place the mixture into a disposable container with a lid (sealable bag for example)
• cover up any personal identification with a black marker that is on the original pill containers
• place these containers in the bag with the mixture, seal them and place them in the trash

Although logistically challenging, removing pharmaceutical traces from drinking water is no impossible task. Reverse osmosis systems are widely agreed upon as the best available treatment method, removing heavier molecular particles common in many pharmaceutical drugs. reverse osmosis systems also filter small impurities and remove contaminants such as arsenic, fluoride, lead, sodium, nitrate and nitrite, cysts, copper, chloride taste and odor, and dissolved solids.

Resources:

• https://extension.usu.edu/waterquality/htm/whats-in-your-water/pharmaceuticals
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_pharmaceuticals_and_personal_care_products

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Bottled water has been a subject of high interest in the latest years. Bottled water is healthy water, or so marketers would have us believe with labels and ads showing deep, pristine pools of spring water, mountain peaks and healthy, active people consuming bottled water during their workouts.

The truth is bottled water is just water and in terms of sustainability, it is a dry well. There are about 50 billion water bottles consumed each year and about 30 billion of them consumed in the US, which means we consume reverse osmosisughly 60% of the world’s water bottles.

1,500 bottles are consumed per second in the US and 9.1 billion gallons were sold in 2011, which is 29.1 gallons per person, the highest in sales and volume in history!

There are many reasons why you should stop buying bottled water. Here are the top 5 reasons!

1. Environmentally Unfriendly

The bottled water industry and our addiction to drinking this water contributes greatly to global pollution, despite well-intentioned recycling campaigns. About 85% of PET bottles are either thrown away or end up in the oceans, posing a threat to marine life. Also, the production of bottled water used the equivalent of 17 million barrels of oil, releasing more than 2.5 million tons of carbon dioxide in 2006.

2. Too Expensive

Municipal water costs about 1 cent per gallon. Saying you buy a 20 ounce name brand for $1, that works out to 5 cents an ounce! Bottled water can cost 500 to 3,000 times more than tap water and shockingly, most bottled water is simply just filtered tap water. Some companies filter or radiate the tap water with UV light before selling it to you at several thousand times the cost of municipal tap water. Think twice before buying this glorified tap water!

3. Poor Quality

You should be aware that the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has strict guidelines for tap water but does not oversee bottled water regulations. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has weaker regulations and applies the EPA’s regulations only selectively to bottled water. They inspect bottled water only if it crosses state lines, but approximately 70% of it never does,making it exempt from FDA oversight.

4. Harmful Bacteria

A study conducted by the National Resources Defense Council (NRDC), which involved testing more than 1,000 water bottles, including 103 bottled water brands, revealed that a third of the brands contained arsenic, bacteria and synthetic organics exceeding allowable limits. Also, Canada’s C-rest laboratories in Montreal found high levels of heterotrophic bacteria in 70% of the dozen bottled water they tested.

These bacteria can be pathogenic and can cause infectious diseases like E. coli. According to the US Pharmacopoeia, heterotrophic bacteria in drinking water should not exceed 500 colony-forming units (CFUs) per millimeter. The highest recorded level from the sample was 80,000 CFUs per millimeter!

5. Plastic Chemicals

Plastic is not just bad for the planet, it is not good for us either. Most small 16-20 oz bottled waters are made from polyethylene terephtalate (PET), which are known to leach harmful plastic chemicals and hormone disruptors into the water. A study conducted in 2000 found that 8 out of 10 large 5-gallon jugs tested left the endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA) in the water, which has been linked to breast cancer, prostate cancer, reproductive development disorders and diabetes. Leaching of plastic chemicals increases with age and heat, so storing bottled water is not a good idea.

Alternatives to Bottled Water

Before you choose pure hype over pure water, you should be aware of the alternatives to bottled water. Tap water and home water purification systems are cheaper and healthier alternatives in the long run. Tap water is regularly tested for bacteria and toxins, falling under the jurisdiction of the EPA. Chlorine, chloramines, and fluoride are reverse osmosisutinely added to tap water and water contamination can occur at a thousand different entry points during the trip from the water plant to your home. Thus, every family should seriously consider installing a water purification system in their home for drinking water.

Water purity could be a cause for concern as Each year, it is estimated that contaminated drinking water causes 485,000 deaths. With the high risk of contamination, water treatment techniques should be utilized in households. As essential water might be to all, it would be equally essential to drink clean, drinking water. This is where reverse osmosis systems come in handy, being a great water purification choice as they produce an unlimited amount of ultra-pure drinking water, all from the comfort of your own home. Reverse osmosis removes up to 99% of bacteria, chemicals, heavy metals, organics, and radioactive pollution, producing delicious and fresh drinking water at a fraction of the price of bottled water.

Resources:

• https://www.mindbodygreen.com/0-11193/7-reasons-to-never-drink-bottled-water-again.html
• https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/drinking/bottled/

Many of Maine’s communities rely on private well water but the water they use for drinking, bathing, and other activities goes untested and is not subject to any state or federal guidelines. People are advised and encouraged to get their water regularly tested to ensure that worrisome levels of bacteria and naturally occurring minerals have not crept in, but many residents fail to do so. If you think that the water in your well may be harmful, it might be a good idea to check out this well water filter by AquaOx, this will ensure that water in the well is safe and clean.

Maine is well-known for its picturesque waters and breathtaking mountains and views, yet the granite mountains affect the quality of water throughout the state. Excess fluoride is leaching out of granite and into Maine’s drinking water, potentially affecting other New England states as well.

The Effects of High Fluoride Levels In Private Well Water

Newly released data shows that in 10 communities in the state, private well water have dangerously high levels of fluoride, some of them containing more than double the level that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has deemed acceptable. When incorporated into the teeth, fluoride can harden the enamel, making it resistant to demineralization, which is the leading cause of tooth decay and cavities. And it may get worse if not treated on time. That is why, if you notice tooth decay in your mouth, contact the dentists Herndon first and then request a water inspection to determine the level of fluoride content in the water you drink.

Excess fluoride may damage both brain and bone in humans and can lead to pitted teeth and discoloration –which might result in people looking for a dentist near them using sites similar to https://www.1800dentist.com/. It also makes bone become brittle and more prone to fractures. Also, recent studies have also linked high levels of fluoride exposure with IQ deficits. Two dozen relevant studies performed outside the States indicated that high fluoride exposures reduced children’s IQs by an average of about 7 points.

Maine Water Data

In Dedham, data from 37 private wells indicates that 37.8% of the water is above the state’s maximum exposure guideline. Surry, Franklin, Prospect, Sedgwick, Penobscot, York, Harrison, and Stockton Springs have more than 10% of the wells with fluoride levels higher than the state cutoff. Homeowners voluntarily sent water samples into state labs for testing, providing a first snapshot of the problem in Maine.

Many public health advocates argue that the state’s suggested limit of 2mg/liter is far too high. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has proposed adding fluoride to water in concentrations no greater than 0.7mg/liter to avoid any unwanted health effects.

Lowering Fluoride Levels in Private Well Water

People living in areas with high fluoride concentrations can take steps to mitigate the problem. People frequently take no action even if their water is contaminated with far more harmful chemicals. 27% of Mainers did nothing about the high levels of arsenic in their private wells. Reports have shown that people lack concern about arsenic and are reluctant to pay for any mitigation action.

There are 4 common solutions to the fluoride problem: distillation, reverse osmosis, activated alumina and BC-Carbon. Distillation is capable of removing just about anything, except volatile compounds from water. Time and energy consumptive, distillation leave water empty and lifeless. You will need to add minerals back to it and should consider structuring and energetically enhancing distilled water.

Reverse osmosis (RO) can remove between 90-95% of fluoride, depending on the efficiency of the system and on how the well system is maintained. Contaminants are trapped by the reverse osmosis membrane and flushed away in the wastewater. Quality reverse osmosis systems include pre-filters, which remove volatile organic compounds, heavy metals, hard water minerals, and other contaminants. You will have to add salts and reintroduce life force to the reverse osmosis water, in order to bring it back to energetic compatibility with the human body.

Activated alumina has a large surface area with a huge array of tunnel-like pores, and is the most commonly used fluoride removal media today. When used properly, it can remove arsenic and up to 98% of the fluoride in water. Although highly effective, the challenges with activated alumina are many:

• water must remain in contact with the media for a long time
• there is not enough time to absorb all the fluoride in the water when the flow rate is faster than ¼ gallon/minute
• the media becomes saturated with fluoride
• systems using activated alumina must be recharged/replaced often
• aluminum is released into the treated water

Bone-Char (BC) Carbon works similar to the way bones in the human body attract fluoride and has been used for centuries to remove naturally-occurring fluoride from water. BC-Carbon can remove up to 90% of the fluoride in water when used alone, but its efficiency can be improved by adding pre-filters that remove contaminants and heavy metals before exposure to the BC-Carbon.

Resources:

• http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/is-fluoride-in-private-wells-causing-an-iq-decline1/
• https://dancingwithwater.com/how-to-remove-fluoride-from-water/

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According to a new study by researchers from the University of Otago in New Zealand, water fluoridation does not lower IQ. The addition of fluoride into drinking water remains one of the hottest topics in the water treatment industry with those for and against the process, equally passionate about their stand on the issue.

Some people claim that fluoridated water is associated with a range of adverse health outcomes. reverse osmosisutinely added to drinking water in the US and other countries as a supplement to safeguard against tooth decay, fluoride is added to public water supplies at an average concentration of about 1 part per million (1 ppm) or slightly below. Naturally occurring fluoride concentrations in surface waters depend on location but are generally low and usually do not exceed 0.3 pm. In 2012, researchers from Harvard University in Cambridge, MA, casted doubts on the health benefits of fluoride in water supplies.

Water Fluoridation and the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Study

Researchers from the University of Otago conducted a study, which involved 1,000 people born in Dunedin in New Zealand during 1972-1973, comparing the IQs of study participants who grew up in suburbs with and without fluoridated water. They also took into account to what extent the participants were exposed to fluoride toothpaste or tablets while growing up.

The IQ scores of 992 participants were examined between the ages of 7-13. Of these people, 942 were tested again at age 38. Lead author Dr. Jonathan Broadbent describes the team’s findings:

“Our analysis showed no significant differences in IQ by fluoride exposure, even before controlling for the other factors that might influence scores. In line with other studies, we found breastfeeding was associated with higher child IQ, and this was regardless of whether children grew up in fluoridated or non-fluoridated areas.”

The Dunedin Multidisciplinary Study, by comparison, is world-renowned for the quality of its data and rigor of its analysis. Current optimal fluoride ingestion from all sources for a healthy adult should be 3-4 mg/day. If you wish to reduce fluoride in your drinking water, you have some options:

• Bottled Water. Beware! Many bottled waters come from municipal supplies that may or may not be fluoridated and may only be filtered or passed through UV light, neither of which will remove fluoride.
• Reverse Osmosis. 75% to 95% reduction depending on system design, water pressure and water chemistry.
• Hydorxyl Apatite Media Filtration. 75% to 95% reduction depending on flow rates and equipment design.
• Activated Alumina Media Filtration. Reasonably effective but only in a narrow band of water pH values.

Resources:

• http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/277240.php
• http://www.livescience.com/37123-fluoridation.html

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Reverse Osmosis Systems for High TDS Water

Dime Water was asked to provide a reverse osmosis system to reduce an extremely high TDS water measured at over 5,000 ppm, which also had high sodium and sulfate levels. The pictured reverse osmosis system was designed and constructed for a cattle ranch in South Dakota, with the help of the United State Department of Agricultures’ engineers.

Total dissolved solids (TDS) is a measure of the combined content of all inorganic and organic substances contained in a liquid in molecular or micro-granular (colloidal sol) suspended form. TDS is measured in mg/liter or parts per million (ppm). If the TDS is high, cattle will be reluctant to drink then, drink a large amount at once, causing the animal to become very sick and potentially die. The primary symptom of high TDS water in cattle is diarrhea.

The reverse osmosis system’s advantages:

• anti scale chemical feed to prolong equipment life
• fully automatic multi-tank filter system
• operation is fully automatic and controlled with a microprocessor housed in an environmentally sealed enclosure
• specially constructed for reverse osmosisbustness and exposure to harsh ambient conditions
• treated water quantity is over 16,000 gallons daily

Required for all life processes, water is the most important nutrient for range cattle. The total body water of cattle is usually between 56% and 81% of body weight and a loss of 20% of the body’s water will be fatal. This loss of body water occurs through milk production, fecal and urine excretion, sweat, and vapor loss. Water quality, especially sulfates, can affect animal gain and health. A water analysis is recommended if animal performance is disappointing.

What Is Ground Water Quality?

Groundwater quality is judged by the amounts and types of materials that are present in the water. Water contains a variety of dissolved substances including gases and ions, and it may also contain organic matter and suspended materials. Generally, good quality water is water that is safe for its intended use. A few substances such as lead, nitrate, or arsenic may be harmful to health, but most substances dissolved in water do not adversely affect the smell, appearance taste or hardness of the groundwater. The United State Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has established enforceable and recommended drinking water standards for humans and livestock in the United States.

Dime Water also added a special feature to the system: a blending valve to adjust the final quality, get extra daily treated water volume, and maximize water efficiency.

The existing water chemistry found at the ranch prevented cattle from drinking as they should, which resulted in limited weight gain and a loss in revenue at the time of sale. Estimates showed weight gain may be as high as 50% once good water quality is provided. It is very important to do a TDS analysis for water quality and if the concentration is over 3,000 ppm TDS, then further analysis of sulfates should follow. Knowledge and management of stock water quality can be an important part of an effective ranch plan.

Resources:

• https://www.ars.usda.gov/ARSUserFiles/30300000/Research/WATERQUALITYMKP6-09.pdf
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_dissolved_solids